When it comes to U.S. citizenship, not all paths are created equal, especially when it comes to deportation risks. While many assume that all American citizens are protected from removal, the truth is more complex. This article examines the key differences between naturalized and native-born citizens, highlighting the rare circumstances in which deportation becomes a genuine concern.
What Is the Difference Between Naturalized and Native-Born Citizens?
Native-born citizens are individuals who were born on U.S. soil or born abroad to at least one U.S. citizen parent. Their citizenship is automatic and irrevocable in almost all cases.
Naturalized citizens are individuals who have obtained U.S. citizenship after completing the legal immigration and naturalization process.
Both groups enjoy the same rights and responsibilities, but only naturalized citizens face a (minimal) risk of having their citizenship revoked under specific conditions.
Can a Naturalized U.S. Citizen Be Deported?
Technically, yes—but only if their citizenship is first revoked through a legal process called denaturalization.
Denaturalization may occur if:
The citizenship was obtained fraudulently (e.g., by lying or omitting essential facts during the application).
The person was involved in criminal activity or war crimes before becoming a naturalized citizen, and this was not disclosed.
The person is found to be a member of a terrorist or extremist group, especially if that affiliation was hidden during the naturalization process.
If denaturalization occurs, the individual reverts to their previous immigration status, which may make them eligible for deportation.
Can a Native-Born U.S. Citizen Be Deported?
No. U.S. citizens born in the country cannot be deported, regardless of their criminal history or other legal issues. The Constitution protects their right to remain in the United States.
Even serious criminal convictions lead to criminal penalties, such as imprisonment, but not deportation for native-born citizens.
How to Protect Your Citizenship
If you are a naturalized U.S. citizen, here are some steps you can take to safeguard your status:
Be honest and thorough during your naturalization process.
Avoid criminal activity and always comply with U.S. laws.
Consult with an immigration attorney if you’re ever contacted by ICE or the Department of Homeland Security.
Keep copies of your naturalization documents and paperwork.
Conclusion
While deportation is virtually impossible for native-born Americans, naturalized citizens must be aware of the narrow—but factual—circumstances under which their status can be challenged. Fortunately, cases of denaturalization and deportation are sporadic.
If you’re concerned about your immigration or citizenship status, it’s always best to consult with a trusted immigration lawyer to understand your rights and options.